Objetiva identificar e analisar as categorias teórico-metodológicas em que se situam os estudos sobre Análise de Domínio publicados na Base Lisa )Library and Information Science Abstracts) tendo em vista o desenvolvimento do assunto. Justifica-se pela relevância da incorporação de contribuições interdisciplinares a partir de marcos epistemológicos bem delimitados em vista da polissemia e idiossincrasia dos termo “análise” e “domínio. A busca recuperou 80 artigos, dos quais 50 demonstraram aderência ao estudo. Concluiu-se que embora a análise do domínio seja uma proposta (...) característica do paradigma social da Ciência da Informação, sua aplicação preserva perfis mais tradicionais. (shrink)

Understanding subjective processes in mindfulness-based interventions and during contemplative learning is the goal pursued by Medeiros et al. in the present target article. Implicitly, they touch ….

Senior high school is known to be part of the newly implemented K-12 program in the Philippines' educational system. Hence, this program added two years to the academic learning program of students, which mainly focuses on different theoretical and vocational strands that aim to prepare and fully furnish the students for education and employment in the future. Due to adjustments to new online learning amidst the pandemic, students begin to experience various challenges, primarily social support and mental well-being. Hence, this (...) study investigates the relationship between social support and anxiety with 160 respondents from private schools. The findings revealed that social support and anxiety have a significant relationship (r=0.126). (shrink)

Psychonarratology is an approach to the empirical study of literary response and the processing of narrative. It draws on the empirical methodology of cognitive psychology and discourse processing as well as the theoretical insights and conceptual analysis of literary studies, particularly narratology. The present work provides a conceptual and empirical basis for this interdisciplinary approach that is accessible to researchers from either disciplinary background. An integrative review is presented of the classic problems in narratology: the status of the narrator, events (...) and plot, characters and characterization, speech and thought, and focalization. For each area, Bortolussi and Dixon critique the state of the art in narratology and literary studies, discuss relevant work in cognitive psychology, and provide a new analytical framework based on the insight that readers treat the narrator as a conversational participant. Empirical evidence is presented on each problem, much of it previously unpublished. (shrink)

What is considered normal determines clinical practice in medicine and has implications at an individual level, doctor-patient relationship and health care policies. With the increase in medical information and technical abilities it is urgent to have a clear concept of normality in medicine so that crucial discussions can be held with unequivocal terms.The different meanings for normality were analyzed throughout the literature and grouped according to their relevance in the academic community in models, namely the Biostatistical Theory (BST), Health, Ideal, (...) Process and Biological advantage. The BST is the most established naturalistic approach, however normal variability can arguably constitute a problem. Health is similar and raises the question of setting the boundaries of pathology. Normality as an Ideal is an useful tool but is naturally unrealistic. As a Process it is comprehensible but is hard to frame for practical purposes. If considered as a Biological Advantage, seems intuitive but abnormality should tend to disappear.After, three examples were presented to discuss these models. They were Anemia, Psychiatric diseases and Psychopathy. In the case of Anemia the BST was applied and the arbitrary boundaries but with social impact were exposed. Psychiatric diseases was discussed under the process of self-organization and non-suffering ideal. With Psychopathy the boundaries of biological advantage are questioned.This review appeals to the importance of redesigning of the concept of normality in medicine according to current times and stresses the importance of integrating concepts such as variability and autonomy. (shrink)

Requirements for business ethics education and organizational ethics trainings mark an important step in encouraging ethical behavior among business students and professionals. However, the lack of specificity in these guidelines as to how, what, and where business ethics should be taught has led to stark differences in approaches and content. The present effort uses meta-analytic procedures to examine the effectiveness of current approaches across organizational ethics trainings and business school courses. to provide practical suggestions for business ethics interventions and research. (...) Thus, the primary questions driving this research are as follows: what course characteristics moderate the effectiveness of ethics instruction?, and have ethics education and training efforts improved? Findings suggest that professional, focused, and workshop-based training programs are especially effective for improving business ethics. However, results also reveal considerable problems with many of the criteria used to evaluate the effectiveness of business ethics interventions. Practical suggestions for course design and evaluation in business ethics efforts are discussed along with future research needs. (shrink)

This paper critically investigates the implementation of the UN guiding principles on business and human rights (UNGPs) into the corporate setting through the concept of ‘translation’. In the decade since the creation of the UNGPs, little academic research has focussed specifically on the corporate implementation of human rights. Drawing on qualitative case studies of two multinational corporations—an oil and gas company and a bank—this paper unpacks how human rights are translated into the corporate context. In doing so, the paper focuses (...) on the “resonance dilemma” translators encounter, the strategies used to make human rights understandable and palatable, and the difficulties that emerge from this process. We contend that the process of making human rights understandable and manageable can change their form and content, which may act as an obstacle to human rights realisation and corporate accountability for human rights. (shrink)

In this study, we examine the accounts of 30 white middle- and upper-class female heroin/methadone users. Using a resistance framework, we note that these women recall their initial heroin use in ways that suggest rejection of restrictive gender and class expectations. Using a dynamic view of resistance, we begin to understand how these women attempt to resist the dominant discourse through their heroin use and to reinterpret their experiences with heroin.

La docencia de materias relativas a la producción audiovisual encuentra un modelo de trabajo idóneo en el uso del dossier de producción. Esta herramienta con formato de portfolio, utilizada en el mundo profesional, permite que el alumnado pueda desarrollar intuitivamente el rol prosumidor, creando contenidos audiovisuales de proximidad en el marco de un simulacro de productora audiovisual, que genera valor a partir del guion inicial, adiestrando también a los estudiantes en los compromisos de Responsabilidad Social Corporativa que las empresas deben (...) implementar en su funcionamiento. (shrink)

RESUMEN El artículo aborda la lógica a partir de la cual el correlato de la libertad como negatividad radical es el conflicto como dimensión originaria de la intersübjetividad en Alexandre Kojève y Jean Paul Sartre. Se examina la interpretación realizada por el pensador ruso del capítulo iv de la Fenomenología del espíritu y la importancia de la "dialéctica del amo y del esclavo" como clave del pensamiento hegeliano; así como la forma en que las premisas ontológicas expuestas en El ser (...) y la nada se presentan como elementos constitutivos de la comprensión de la intersubjetividad como dialéctica subjetivación-objetivación. ABSTRACT The article discusses the logic according to which the correlate of freedom, as radical negativity, is conflict, as the original dimension of intersubjectivity, in Alexandre Kojève and Jean Paul Sartre. It examines the Russian thinker's interpretation of chapter iv of the Phenomenology of Spirit and the importance of the "master-slave dialectic" as a key to Hegelian thought. It also addresses the manner in which the ontological premises set forth in Being and Nothingness are presented as constitutive elements of the understanding of intersubjectivity as a dialectics of subjectivization-objectivization. (shrink)

This paper tries to disclose the abstract manner in which orthodox theories of ‘welfare’ conceive of social values (ethics) and the consequences of such subjective treatment of values for theory itself and for praxis. The interest here resides particularly in the demonstration that the abstract articulation of social values stems from the admission of determinate ontological tenets, which characterise a profoundly conservative worldview. As the realisation of some of the values considered by orthodox theories of ‘welfare’ (such as the value (...) of equality) demands a truly transformative praxis, it is obstructed a priori. To overcome this continued frustration and finally realise social values, economists reclaim the idea of state intervention. The question then is whether the state has the capacity to radically modify social reality. (shrink)

This is the first study to focus on the idea of virtue and its place in political thought in eighteenth-century France. Virtue could be used to impart moral authority to arguments about political power. The development of this strategic idea is traced through the works of key Enlightenment thinkers. There is also consideration of the ways in which numerous popular writers of the day, including clerics, eulogists, journalists, novelists and lawyers, employed the idea of virtue in polemical discussions in their (...) writings. (shrink)

This study aims to map out the relationships that make up green innovation initiatives in Brazilian industry. The sample comprised 100 managers at manufacturing companies, most of them operating in the business of farm machinery and equipment and steel structures. To develop this study, Medeiros et al. study, mapping critical factors that drive the success of green product innovation and the paradigm of complexity, was used as a reference study. Based on the results, it was possible to identify that (...) the operational dynamic of the factors and variables that affect market success do not happen in an isolated or fragmented way; they occur systematically with different contingencies and structured basic and intermediate skills in order to meet the expectations of consumers, laws, and environmental legislation. Initially, the technological expertise factor was noted as very important for sustaining green product innovation. Furthermore, since proactive leaders are an important factor for successfully developing environmentally sustainable products, it must be added to technological expertise as the foundation for developing green innovation. After defining the basis for green product innovation, the intermediary conditions necessary for using the available technology appropriately were mapped out. In this sense, variables such as “elimination of cultural barriers,” “capacity for critical reflective analysis,” and “experimentation” are also very important. In addition, some of the variables of the cross-functional collaboration and market knowledge factors were a part of the structure that organizations need to transform potential into developing green products, which is the basis for the third level of the model. The fourth level of the model has the “meeting consumer expectations” and “following law and legislation” factors, which make up the main goals for developing environmentally sustainable products according to a number of surveys that were conducted. (shrink)

Resumen: El objetivo del siguiente trabajo es explicar cómo la elaboración de una ontología de la naturaleza por parte de Merleau-Ponty se circunscribe en el intento de elaborar un pensamiento del ser que no haga de éste un elemento del pensamiento abstracto, sino que dé cuenta de la experiencia concreta del ser en el mundo. En este sentido, son fundamentales los conceptos de intercorporalidad, negatividad y dialéctica.: The aim of the following work is to explain how the elaboration of an (...) ontology of nature by Merleau-Ponty belongs to an attempt of developing a thought of being which does not reduce it to an element of the abstract thought, but takes into account the concrete experience of being in the world. In this respect, the concepts of intercorporeality, negativity, and dialectics are fundamental. (shrink)

Following a discourse analysis approach this study examines triadic encounters of nine medical consultations carried out in an outpatient cancer clinic in Santiago, Chile involving an oncologist, a patient and a patient’s companion. Consultations are fully transcribed and analysed to understand the participatory roles patients’ companions play in the medical exchanges. In addition, the type of linguistic functions associated with each role and the advantages or downsides of companions’ involvement in the encounters are also investigated. The analysis reveals seven prominent (...) roles that companions may engage in during the visits. These are studied in detail. The results show that although companions may not always provide information that is consistent with the patients’ views, they can be of great help. Relieving the patients of many daunting tasks, monitoring their well-being, establishing a partnership and bringing vital information to the clinic are instances where the controlling power that some may exercise in the medical encounter can be outweighed. (shrink)

The article intends to show that MacIntyre’s notion of friendship (which, according to him, would be a reappropriation of Aristotle’s notion of philia), while ignoring the political aspect explicitly emphasized by Aristotle, reduces the notion of friendship to its social or civic aspect, thereby weakening the political nature of man.

En ese artículo de naturaleza bibliográfica explicamos porque el diálogo intercientífico permite que se transcienda la homogeneidad de una epistemología involucrada en sí misma, expandiéndose para la transdisciplinariedad cultural y epistemológica. Analizamos dos nuevos modelos de paradigma alternativo, a saber: el vivir bien y el desarrollo endógeno sustentable. Consideramos que esas concepciones filosóficas tienen el desafío de desarrollar nuevas posibilidades epistemológicas y metodológicas que permitan el cambio de la realidad social e histórica. Palabras clave: Diálogo Intercientífico. Epistemología Transdisciplinar. Desarrollo Endógeno (...) Sustentable. Vivir Bien. (shrink)

No presente artigo, elucidaremos como a ideia de inferência abdutiva peirceana é apresentada, bem como seu duplo aspecto, formal e explicativo, não tem uma resolução bem definida e torna-se problemática ao buscar uma definição clara e distinta ao termo. Isto indica, para nós, uma infiltração de um tipo distinto de raciocínio. A partir do esclarecimento contextual dos termos e da discussão proposta acerca do que tomamos por raciocínio inferencial, buscaremos defender a existência de um quarto tipo além do dedutivo, indutivo (...) e abdutivo – evidenciado em parte por essa aparente dualidade na noção peirceana de abdução e também por raciocínios defendidos como subgrupos de outros – denominado aqui de raciocínio condutivo ou heurístico. Ao final, realizaremos reflexões sobre as características da Condução, bem como propormos estudos futuros voltados a uma análise conceitual mais ampla sobre sua legitimidade. (shrink)

Odor naming is enhanced in communities where communication about odors is a central part of daily life (e.g., wine experts, flavorists, and some hunter‐gatherer groups). In this study, we investigated how expert knowledge and daily experience affect the ability to name odors in a group of experts that has not previously been investigated in this context—Iranian herbalists; also called attars—as well as cooks and laypeople. We assessed naming accuracy and consistency for 16 herb and spice odors, collected judgments of odor (...) perception, and evaluated participants' odor meta‐awareness. Participants' responses were overall more consistent and accurate for more frequent and familiar odors. Moreover, attars were more accurate than both cooks and laypeople at naming odors, although cooks did not perform significantly better than laypeople. Attars' perceptual ratings of odors and their overall odor meta‐awareness suggest they are also more attuned to odors than the other two groups. To conclude, Iranian attars—but not cooks—are better odor namers than laypeople. They also have greater meta‐awareness and differential perceptual responses to odors. These findings further highlight the critical role that expertise and type of experience have on olfactory functions. (shrink)

El estudio evalúa el rol de las prácticas de servicio comunitario donde la reflexión intencional acompaña el programa. Mediante un diseño cuali-cuantitativo, se revelan los efectos de las prácticas reflexivas sobre el desarrollo reflexivo de los alumnos y asimismo pone de manifiesto el impacto de es..

This papers intends to show that Aristotle's theory on the political nature of man implies a specific difference in relation to other animals and that this does not arise from his understanding of human beings as naturally vulnerable animals that would seek in political life an artifice to redress their insufficiency or individual vulnerability to live. The qualitative difference of human beings in relation to other animals - including political species, such as bees or ants - drives them to an (...) equally specific type of life, whose foundation obeys values that ca be universalized. The political application of these values does not correspond to what is done in the domestic sphere, nor does it correspond to the mere transposition to a quantitatively superior community, because the universality of political values is extracted from what is understood by human beings as necessary for the realization of man as man, not man as an element of nature. (shrink)

Given the growing public concern and attention placed on cases of research misconduct, government agencies and research institutions have increased their efforts to develop and improve ethics education programs for scientists. The present study sought to assess the impact of these increased efforts by sampling empirical studies published since the year 2000. Studies published prior to 2000 examined in other meta-analytic work were also included to provide a baseline for assessing gains in ethics training effectiveness over time. In total, this (...) quantitative review consisted of 66 empirical studies, 106 ethics courses, 150 effect sizes, and 10,069 training participants. Overall, the findings indicated that ethics instruction resulted in sizable benefits to participants and has improved considerably within the last decade. A number of specific findings also emerged regarding moderators of instructional effectiveness. Recommendations are discussed for improving the development, delivery, and evaluation of ethics instruction in the sciences. (shrink)

Esta pesquisa discute a aplicação da tecnologia da informação nos processos de representação da informação de obras artístico-pictóricas e teve por objetivo geral apresentar uma relação possível entre os softwares de mineração de textos e a sistematização de termos nas práticas de representação da informação a partir da documentação gerada pela análise de obras artístico-pictóricas pelo viés da Ciência da Informação. Para isso, a pesquisa consistiu de estudo de caso, utilizando o software online Sobek para processar uma amostra da documentação (...) gerada pelas análises de obras artístico-pictóricas de Medeiros (2017), com a realização de três etapas: a) organização textual do conteúdo documental; b) inserção do conteúdo textual organizado no software Sobek e geração do grafo e; c) análise do grafo gerado pelo software Sobek. Os resultados indicaram que a utilização do Sobek demonstra indícios da viabilidade de uso da mineração de texto como auxílio aos processos de representação da informação de obras artístico-pictóricas, não obstante apontaram a necessidade de aprofundamento da questão para realização de futuras propostas metodológicas e de aperfeiçoamento do software a este fim documentário. (shrink)

Se analizan algunas consecuencias del escepticismo humeano concernientes a laexistencia de un Yo substancial y permanente anterior a la experiencia y coordinadorde ella. Se presentan dos propuestas: la teoría de los agregadosautoorganizativos favorecida por Francisco Varela y la tesis de las ideascognoscentes de William James. Luego se examinan tres problemas que suscitanposturas a-yoicas del tipo James-Varela: el problema de la identidad, el de latemporalidad y el de la intencionalidad como propósito. Se plantean algunassoluciones y se sugiere que la consideración de (...) un paradigma a-yoico está todavíasujeta a una filosofía especulativa.We analyze some implications of Humean scepticism regarding the existence of apermanent and substantial Self that would precede and coordinate experience.Two proposals are presented: Francisco Varela’s theory of selforganizingaggregates and William James’ thesis about ideas that know. We then examinethree problems raised by “no-self” stances of the James-Varela kind, viz., theproblems of identity, of temporality and of intentionality . We sketchsome solutions and we suggest that the consideration of a “no-self” paradigm isstill a matter of speculative philosophy. (shrink)

Uncertainty, insecurity and vulnerability have become commonplace in contemporary societies. This article aims an interdisciplinary reflection on the social and political construction of fear in liquid modernity. Zygmunt Bauman, Leonidas Donskis, Martha Nussbaum, Hannah Arendt, Ulrich Beck, Boaventura de Sousa Santos, Bernard Henri-Levy and Umberto Eco are some of the authors that we will put into dialogue to better understand the multiple narratives of fear in an era deeply marked by destruction social certainties, the worsening of social inequalities, the logic (...) of predatory capitalism, the resurgence of nationalisms of exclusion, as well as ethnic-cultural particularisms, which move from xenophobic and racist discourses and, finally, new risks, such as ecological degradation and the pandemic COVID19, which currently plagues contemporary societies and domesticates social behaviors. (shrink)